The nobel prize in physiology / medicine was recently announced. And it went to a research area I have worked with myself (at Lundbeck), namely HIF / hypoxia biology. We published a paper on our findings, it can be found here:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4061615/pdf/ISRN.NEUROSCIENCE2013-598587.pdf
All animal cells need oxygen in order to use the energy from food (they do this in cellular respiration), but when oxygen levels are lower than normal (hypoxia) they have a very smart way of adaptation. The HIF1 alpha protein! I have made an animation explaining the molecular basics of the mechanism by which HIF do this.
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